ELEMENTLE

Element 74 · Transition Metal

Tungsten

Period 6 · Group 6

Tungsten, also known as wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74. The word tungsten comes from the Swedish language tung sten, which directly translates to heavy stone. Its name in Swedish is volfram, however, in order to distinguish it from scheelite, which in Swedish is alternatively named tungsten.

Three reasons Tungsten stands out

  1. 1

    Also known as wolfram, this metal has the highest melting point.

  2. 2

    It was used for the glowing filaments inside traditional incandescent light bulbs because nothing else could survive the heat.

  3. 3

    A golf-ball-sized piece of it weighs over 600 grams, nearly twice as heavy as the same size piece of lead.

The metal that refuses to melt

Tungsten has the highest melting point of any pure metal and remains strong at temperatures that soften most competitors. Those traits served incandescent filaments and now protect cutting tools, furnaces, and rocket hardware. Its symbol W preserves the older name wolfram.

Tungsten at a glance
Atomic number / protons74
SymbolW
Family (Elementle)Transition Metal
Classification (PubChem)Transition metal
Period6
Group6
Atomic mass (u)183.84
Standard stateSolid
Electron configuration[Xe]6s2 4f14 5d4
Reported oxidation states+6
Electronegativity (Pauling)2.36
Atomic radius (pm)210
First ionization energy (eV)7.98
Electron affinity (eV)0.815
Density (g/cm³)19.3
Melting point3695 K (3,421.85 °C)
Boiling point5828 K (5,554.85 °C)
Discovery (PubChem)1783

Values are reference data, not a specification for every temperature, pressure, or allotrope. Unknown properties are left unavailable. Superheavy-element predictions remain uncertain.

Sources & further reading

PubChem: Tungsten · Tungsten on Wikipedia

The introduction and original editorial story are adapted from Wikipedia contributors via Periodic-Table-JSON. Element descriptions and their adaptations are available under CC BY-SA 3.0. Numerical attributes use the PubChem periodic-table dataset, retrieved September 22, 2026.