ELEMENTLE

Element 47 · Transition Metal

Silver

Period 5 · Group 11

Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (Greek:άργυρος árguros, Latin:argentum, both from the Indo-European root *h₂erǵ- for "grey" or "shining") and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it possesses the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and reflectivity of any metal. The metal occurs naturally in its pure, free form (native silver), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite.

Three reasons Silver stands out

  1. 1

    Known for its high luster. Used in coins and jewlry.

  2. 2

    It is the best electrical conductor of all the elements.

  3. 3

    The reflective backing on glass mirrors is typically a thin layer of this metal.

The best conductor in the table

Silver conducts electricity and heat better than any other element, though cost and tarnish keep copper dominant in ordinary wiring. Light-sensitive silver halides made film photography possible. Its ions can suppress microbes, a useful property that does not make indiscriminate “colloidal silver” remedies safe.

Silver at a glance
Atomic number / protons47
SymbolAg
Family (Elementle)Transition Metal
Classification (PubChem)Transition metal
Period5
Group11
Atomic mass (u)107.868
Standard stateSolid
Electron configuration[Kr]5s1 4d10
Reported oxidation states+1
Electronegativity (Pauling)1.93
Atomic radius (pm)172
First ionization energy (eV)7.576
Electron affinity (eV)1.302
Density (g/cm³)10.501
Melting point1234.93 K (961.78 °C)
Boiling point2435 K (2,161.85 °C)
Discovery (PubChem)Known since antiquity

Values are reference data, not a specification for every temperature, pressure, or allotrope. Unknown properties are left unavailable. Superheavy-element predictions remain uncertain.

Sources & further reading

PubChem: Silver · Silver on Wikipedia

The introduction and original editorial story are adapted from Wikipedia contributors via Periodic-Table-JSON. Element descriptions and their adaptations are available under CC BY-SA 3.0. Numerical attributes use the PubChem periodic-table dataset, retrieved September 22, 2026.