ELEMENTLE

Element 33 · Metalloid

Arsenic

Period 4 · Group 15

Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in conjunction with sulfur and metals, and also as a pure elemental crystal. Arsenic is a metalloid.

Three reasons Arsenic stands out

  1. 1

    Historically used in poison and pesticides.

  2. 2

    Its trioxide compound is used in modern medicine to treat a specific form of leukaemia.

  3. 3

    Victorian green wallpaper pigments often contained a highly toxic compound of this element, potentially sickening residents.

A metalloid with a dark reputation

Arsenic is infamous as a poison, but its story also includes pigments, medicines, semiconductors, and natural groundwater contamination. Different chemical forms vary greatly in toxicity. Gallium arsenide, for example, is a crystalline electronic material whose behavior bears little resemblance to elemental arsenic.

Arsenic at a glance
Atomic number / protons33
SymbolAs
Family (Elementle)Metalloid
Classification (PubChem)Metalloid
Period4
Group15
Atomic mass (u)74.92159
Standard stateSolid
Electron configuration[Ar]4s2 3d10 4p3
Reported oxidation states+5, +3, -3
Electronegativity (Pauling)2.18
Atomic radius (pm)185
First ionization energy (eV)9.815
Electron affinity (eV)0.81
Density (g/cm³)5.776
Melting point1090 K (816.85 °C)
Boiling point887 K (613.85 °C)
Discovery (PubChem)Known since antiquity

Values are reference data, not a specification for every temperature, pressure, or allotrope. Unknown properties are left unavailable. Superheavy-element predictions remain uncertain.

Sources & further reading

PubChem: Arsenic · Arsenic on Wikipedia

The introduction and original editorial story are adapted from Wikipedia contributors via Periodic-Table-JSON. Element descriptions and their adaptations are available under CC BY-SA 3.0. Numerical attributes use the PubChem periodic-table dataset, retrieved September 22, 2026.