Molybdenum is a chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42. The name is from Neo-Latin molybdaenum, from Ancient Greek Μόλυβδος molybdos, meaning lead, since its ores were confused with lead ores. Molybdenum minerals have been known throughout history, but the element was discovered (in the sense of differentiating it as a new entity from the mineral salts of other metals) in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
Three reasons Molybdenum stands out
- 1
Used to make steel stronger and withstand high temperatures.
- 2
Its disulfide compound is used as a dry lubricant in conditions where oil would simply vaporise.
- 3
Plants require enzymes containing this element to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form.
Heat resistance with a biological twist
Molybdenum keeps strength at high temperatures, making its alloys useful in furnaces and engines. Living systems use molybdenum in enzymes that move oxygen atoms or process nitrogen compounds. Although essential only in traces, it helps close the nitrogen cycle on which ecosystems depend.