ELEMENTLE

Element 24 · Transition Metal

Chromium

Period 4 · Group 6

Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in Group 6. It is a steely-gray, lustrous, hard and brittle metal which takes a high polish, resists tarnishing, and has a high melting point.

Three reasons Chromium stands out

  1. 1

    Often seen in the shiny finish of cars.

  2. 2

    It is the element that makes stainless steel stainless, by forming a self-repairing protective oxide layer.

  3. 3

    The vivid red colour of rubies is caused by trace amounts of this element inside the gemstone.

A protective shine only atoms thick

Chromium gives stainless steel its defining resistance to rust. Oxygen creates a transparent chromium-rich film that seals scratches almost as soon as they appear. Chromium compounds also span vivid pigments and industrial hazards: the trivalent form is far less dangerous than strongly oxidizing hexavalent chromium.

Recognizing Chromium in Elementle

If Chromium is the mystery element, guesses below atomic number 24 point up and guesses above it point down. Its symbol is Cr: a green letter matches the same position in that symbol, while a yellow letter belongs in another position.

The family clue turns green for transition metal guesses. Compare Vanadium (V), number 23 and Manganese (Mn), number 25: they share the family clue, but their atomic numbers and symbols help you tell them apart.

Learn how to read the clues or play the daily element guessing game.

Chromium at a glance
Atomic number / protons24
SymbolCr
Family (Elementle)Transition Metal
Classification (PubChem)Transition metal
Period4
Group6
Atomic mass (u)51.996
Standard stateSolid
Electron configuration[Ar]3d5 4s1
Reported oxidation states+6, +3, +2
Electronegativity (Pauling)1.66
Atomic radius (pm)189
First ionization energy (eV)6.767
Electron affinity (eV)0.666
Density (g/cm³)7.15
Melting point2180 K (1,906.85 °C)
Boiling point2944 K (2,670.85 °C)
Discovery (PubChem)1797

Values are reference data, not a specification for every temperature, pressure, or allotrope. Unknown properties are left unavailable. Superheavy-element predictions remain uncertain.

Sources & further reading

PubChem: Chromium · Chromium on Wikipedia

The introduction and original editorial story are adapted from Wikipedia contributors via Periodic-Table-JSON. Element descriptions and their adaptations are available under CC BY-SA 3.0. Numerical attributes use the PubChem periodic-table dataset, retrieved September 22, 2026.